Kokubili empilweni yansuku zonke nasemsebenzini, sivamise ukuhlangana nezinhlobo ezahlukene zezibonisi ze-liquid crystal (LCDs). Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kumaselula, omabonakude, izinto zikagesi ezincane, izibali, noma ama-thermostats e-air conditioner, ubuchwepheshe be-LCD buye bamukelwa kabanzi emikhakheni eyahlukene. Ngezinhlobo eziningi zezikrini ezitholakalayo, kungase kube inselele ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwazo. Nokho, ngokuvamile, zingahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezimbalwa eziyinhloko, njenge-LCD yekhodi yesigaba, izikrini ze-dot matrix, ama-TFT LCDs, ama-OLED, ama-LED, i-IPS, nokuningi. Ngezansi, sethula kafushane ezinye zezinhlobo ezinkulu.
Ikhodi Yengxenye LCD
I-LCD yekhodi yesigaba yaqala ukuthuthukiswa e-Japan futhi yethulwa e-China ngawo-1980. Ayesetshenziswa kakhulu esikhundleni samashubhu edijithali e-LED (akhiwe amasegimenti angu-7 ukubonisa izinombolo 0-9) futhi avame ukutholakala kumadivayisi afana nezibali namawashi. Okuqukethwe kwabo kokubonisa kulula. Aphinde abizwe ngokuthi ama-LCD ohlobo lwesigaba, ama-LCD osayizi abancane, izikrini ezinezinhlamvu eziyisi-8, noma ama-LCD ohlobo lwephethini.
Isikrini se-Dot Matrix
Izikrini ze-dot matrix zingahlukaniswa nge-LCD dot matrix kanye nezinhlobo ze-matrix yamachashazi e-LED. Kalula nje, aqukethe igridi yamaphuzu (amaphikseli) ahlelwe ku-matrix ukuze akhe indawo yokubonisa. Isibonelo, isikrini se-LCD esivamile esingu-12864 sibhekisela kumojula yokubonisa enamaphuzu avundlile angu-128 namaphoyinti angu-64 aqondile.
I-LCD ye-TFT
I-TFT iwuhlobo lwe-LCD futhi isebenza njengesisekelo sobuchwepheshe besimanje bokubonisa ikristalu eliwuketshezi. Omakhalekhukhwini abaningi bakudala basebenzise lolu hlobo lwesikrini, esiphinde siwele ngaphansi kwesigaba se-matrix yamachashazi futhi sigcizelela ukusebenza kwephikseli nemibala. Ukujula kombala kuyimethrikhi eyinhloko yokuhlola ikhwalithi yokubonisa, namazinga avamile afaka imibala engu-256, imibala engu-4096, imibala engu-64K (65,536), futhi ephakeme nakakhulu njengemibala engu-260K. Okuqukethwe kokubonisa ngokuvamile kuhlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu: umbhalo ongenalutho, izithombe ezilula (njengezithombe noma izithombe zekhathuni), kanye nezithombe zekhwalithi yesithombe. Abasebenzisi abanezidingo eziphakeme zekhwalithi yesithombe ngokuvamile bakhetha ukujula kombala okungu-64K noma ngaphezulu.
Isikrini se-LED
Izikrini ze-LED ziqondile uma kuqhathaniswa—zihlanganisa inombolo enkulu yezibani ze-LED ezakha iphaneli yokubonisa, evame ukusetshenziswa kumabhodi okukhangisa angaphandle kanye nezibonisi zolwazi.
I-OLED
Izikrini ze-OLED zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-pixel obuzenzelayo ukukhiqiza izithombe. Ngokwemigomo yokukhanyisa, i-OLED ithuthuke kakhulu kune-LCD. Ukwengeza, izikrini ze-OLED zingenziwa zibe mncane, okusiza ukunciphisa ukushuba okuphelele kwamadivayisi.
Sekukonke, izibonisi zekristalu ewuketshezi zingahlukaniswa kabanzi zibe izigaba ezimbili eziyinhloko: i-LCD ne-OLED. Lezi zinhlobo ezimbili zihluke kakhulu ezindleleni zazo zokukhanyisa: Ama-LCD athembele ekukhanyeni kwangaphandle, kuyilapho ama-OLED ekwazi ukuzikhandla. Ngokusekelwe kumathrendi amanje zobuchwepheshe, zombili izinhlobo kungenzeka ziqhubeke zikhona ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo ezihlukene zabasebenzisi zokusebenza kombala nezimo zohlelo lokusebenza.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-30-2025