Isimo sokuthuthukiswa kwe-TFT LCD

Izikrini zombala ze-TFT (Thin-Film Transistor), njengengxenye eyinhloko yobuchwepheshe bokubonisa besimanje, ziye zashintsha ngokushesha ubuchwepheshe kanye nokwanda kwemakethe kusukela kuthengiswa ngazo ngeminyaka yawo-1990s. Zihlala ziyisixazululo esijwayelekile kuma-electronics abathengi, izinto zokusebenza zezimboni, neminye imikhakha. Ukuhlaziywa okulandelayo kuhlelwe kwaba yizici ezintathu: umlando wokuthuthuka, isimo samanje sezobuchwepheshe, namathemba esikhathi esizayo.

I. Umlando Wokuthuthukiswa kwe-TFT-LCD
Umqondo wobuchwepheshe be-TFT wavela ngeminyaka yawo-1960s, kodwa kwaze kwaba ngawo-1990 lapho izinkampani zaseJapane zazuza khona ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi bezentengiselwano, ikakhulukazi amalaptop kanye nabaqaphi be-LCD bokuqala. Ama-TFT-LCD esizukulwane sokuqala ayevinjezelwe ukulungiswa okuphansi, izindleko eziphezulu, kanye nesivuno esiphansi sokukhiqiza, nokho kancane kancane ashintsha izibonisi ze-CRT ngenxa yezinzuzo ezifana ne-slim form factor kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi. Kusukela ngo-2010 kuya phambili, ama-TFT-LCDs angena ezimakethe ezinjengama-smartphones, izibonisi zezimoto, imishini yezokwelapha, nezinhlelo zokulawula zezimboni, kuyilapho ebhekene nengcindezi yokuncintisana evela ku-OLED. Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe okufana nokukhanyisa emuva kwe-Mini-LED, ukusebenza kuye kwathuthukiswa ezinhlelweni ezithile, okuhlanganisa iziqapha ezisezingeni eliphezulu.

II. Isimo Samanje Sobuchwepheshe se-TFT-LCD
Uchungechunge lwemboni ye-TFT-LCD luvuthwe kakhulu, nezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi kakhulu kuneze-OLED, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni ezinosayizi omkhulu njengama-TV namamonitha, lapho libusa imakethe. Ingcindezi yokuncintisana kanye nokuqanjwa okusha kuqhutshwa ngokuphawulekayo umthelela we-OLED. Nakuba i-OLED iphumelela kakhulu ekuguquguqukeni nasekuhlukeni kwesilinganiso (ngenxa yemvelo yayo yokuzikhandla enomehluko ongapheli), i-TFT-LCD inciphise igebe ngokwamukela ukukhanya okungemuva kwe-Mini-LED ngokufiphala kwendawo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwe-HDR. Ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe kuphinde kwathuthukiswa ngamachashazi e-quantum (QD-LCD) ukuze kutholakale umbala obanzi we-gamut kanye nokufakwa kobuchwepheshe bokuthinta, okwengeza inani elingeziwe.

III. Amathemba Esikhathi esizayo we-TFT-LCD
Ukukhanyisa okungemuva kwe-Mini-LED, nezinkulungwane zakhona zama-LED amancane okufiphalisa kwasendaweni, kufinyelela amazinga okuqhathanisa eduze nalawo e-OLED kuyilapho kugcinwa ukuphila okude nezinzuzo zezindleko ze-LCD. Lokhu kuyibeka njengesiqondiso esibalulekile emakethe yesibonisi esiphezulu. Nakuba i-TFT-LCD eguquguqukayo iguquguquka kancane kune-OLED, amandla okugoba alinganiselwe aye abonakala kusetshenziswa ingilazi encane kakhulu noma ama-substrates epulasitiki, okuvumela ukuhlola kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nezimoto nezisetshenziswa ezigqokekayo. Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza ziyaqhubeka nokukhula kumasegimenti athile—ngokwesibonelo, ukuthambekela ezikrinini eziningi ezimotweni zamandla amasha kuqinisa isimo esijwayelekile se-TFT-LCD, ngenxa yokwethembeka nokusebenza kahle kwezindleko. Ukukhula ezimakethe zaphesheya kwezilwandle, njenge-India kanye ne-Southeast Asia, lapho isidingo sezinto zikagesi ezithengwayo sikhuphuka, futhi kugcina ukuthembela ku-TFT-LCD phakathi namadivayisi asezingeni eliphansi.

I-OLED ibusa i-smartphone esezingeni eliphezulu nezimakethe zokubonisa eziguquguqukayo futhi isebenzisana ne-Micro LED, eqondise izikrini ezinkulu kakhulu (isb., izindonga zamavidiyo ezentengiso). Ngaleso sikhathi, i-TFT-LCD iyaqhubeka nokungena ezimakethe ezinosayizi omkhulu kuya kwaphakathi ngenxa yesilinganiso sayo sokusebenza kwezindleko. Ngemuva kwamashumi eminyaka yentuthuko, i-TFT-LCD isifinyelele ekuvuthweni, nokho igcina ukusebenza kwesikhathi eside ngokusebenzisa izinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe ezifana ne-Mini-LED ne-IGZO, kanye nangokungena ezimakethe ezi-niche ezifana nezinhlelo zokusebenza zezimoto nezimboni. Inzuzo yayo eyinhloko isasele: izindleko zokukhiqiza zamaphaneli anosayizi omkhulu ziphansi kakhulu kunalezo ze-OLED.

Uma ubheka phambili, i-TFT-LCD izogxila kakhulu emiqhudelwaneni ehlukene kunokubhekana ne-OLED ngokuqondile. Ngokusekelwa kobuchwepheshe obufana nokukhanyisa kwe-Mini-LED, kulindeleke ukuthi kudale amathuba amasha emakethe esezingeni eliphezulu. Nakuba ukuhlukahluka kobuchwepheshe bokubonisa kuwumkhuba ongenakuhlehliswa, i-TFT-LCD, esekelwa i-ecosystem ekhulile kanye nokuqamba okusha okuqhubekayo, izohlala iwubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo embonini yokubonisa.