Ukuthambekela Kwezibonisi ze-OLED

I-OLED (i-Organic Light-Emitting Diode) ibhekisela kuma-diode akhipha ukukhanya kwemvelo, amelela umkhiqizo omusha emkhakheni wezibonisi zefoni ephathekayo. Ngokungafani nobuchwepheshe be-LCD bendabuko, ubuchwepheshe bokubonisa i-OLED abudingi ukukhanya kwangemuva. Esikhundleni salokho, isebenzisa izembozo zezinto eziphilayo ezincane kakhulu kanye nezingxenye zengilazi (noma izingxenye ze-organic eziguquguqukayo). Uma kusetshenziswa ugesi kagesi, lezi zinto eziphilayo zikhipha ukukhanya. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izikrini ze-OLED zingenziwa zibe lula futhi zibe zincane, zinikeze ama-engeli okubuka abanzi, futhi zinciphise kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. I-OLED ibizwa nangokuthi ubuchwepheshe bokubonisa besizukulwane sesithathu. Izikrini ze-OLED azigcini nje ngokuba zincane, zilula, futhi zisebenza kahle kakhulu kodwa futhi zinokukhanya okuphezulu, ukusebenza kahle kokukhanya okuphezulu, kanye nekhono lokubonisa umnyama omsulwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zingagoba, njengoba kubonakala kuma-TV nama-smartphone anamuhla anesikrini esigobile. Namuhla, abakhiqizi abakhulu bamazwe ngamazwe bagijimela ukukhulisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwe-R&D kubuchwepheshe bokubonisa be-OLED, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni kwayo okusabalele kakhulu kuma-TV, amakhompyutha (amamonitha), ama-smartphone, amathebhulethi, nakwezinye izinkambu. NgoJulayi 2022, i-Apple yamemezela izinhlelo zokwethula izikrini ze-OLED ohlwini lwayo lwe-iPad eminyakeni ezayo. Amamodeli e-iPad azayo ka-2024 azoba namaphaneli okubonisa e-OLED asanda kuklanywa, inqubo eyenza la maphaneli abe mancane futhi abe lula nakakhulu.

Isimiso sokusebenza kwezibonisi ze-OLED sihluke kakhulu kwesama-LCD. Ngokuyinhloko, ama-OLED aqhutshwa yinsimu kagesi, athola ukukhishwa kokukhanya ngokujova kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwezithwali zokushaja ezintweni ze-semiconductor eziphilayo kanye nezinto ezikhanyayo. Kalula nje, isikrini se-OLED sakhiwe yizigidi “zama-light bulbs” amancane.

Idivayisi ye-OLED ikakhulukazi iqukethe i-substrate, i-anode, ungqimba lokujova imbobo (HIL), ungqimba lokuthuthwa kwembobo (HTL), ungqimba lokuvimbezela ama-electron (EBL), ungqimba olukhipha amanzi (EML), ungqimba lokuvimbezela imbobo (HBL), ungqimba lokuthuthwa kwama-electron (ETL), ungqimba lokujova ama-electron (EIL), kanye ne-cathode. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ubuchwepheshe bokubonisa i-OLED idinga ubuchwepheshe obuphezulu kakhulu, obuhlukaniswe kabanzi ngezinqubo zangaphambili kanye nezangemva. Inqubo yangaphambili ihilela kakhulu amasu e-photolithography kanye nokuhwamuka, kuyilapho inqubo ye-back-end igxile ekufakweni nasekusikeni ubuchwepheshe. Nakuba ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe be-OLED busetshenziswa kakhulu yi-Samsung kanye ne-LG, abakhiqizi abaningi baseShayina nabo baqinisa ucwaningo lwabo ngezikrini ze-OLED, bandisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kuzikrini ze-OLED. Imikhiqizo yokubonisa i-OLED isivele ihlanganiswe neminikelo yabo. Naphezu kwegebe elikhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezikhondlakhondla zomhlaba wonke, le mikhiqizo isifinyelele ezingeni elisebenzisekayo.